MODELO MATEMÁTICO PARA OTIMIZAÇÃO MULTIOBJETIVO DO DESPACHO ECONÔMICO AMBIENTAL DE USINAS TÉRMICAS USANDO O NSGA-II

Abstract

One of the priority tasks for thermoelectric plants is to supply the requested energy demand, ensuring the lowest possible cost. This task is especially important in the Northern Region of Brazil, particularly in the Manaus Industrial Hub (PIM), where much of the energy is supplied by Thermoelectric Power Plants (UTE). The selection of generators and their work regime is known as Economic Dispatch (DE). However, global concern about pollution caused by fossil fuels has made it essential to incorporate not only cost reduction but also the limitation of pollutant emissions in UTE operations. Thus, Environmental Economic Dispatch (DEA) emerges, aiming to simultaneously reduce costs and emissions. This thesis proposes an innovative mathematical model for DEA, using the NSGA-II evolutionary algorithm with two objective functions: fuel cost and amount of emissions. The model also introduces the Emissions Index, a new function to evaluate environmental contamination, considering the influence of the most harmful pollutants. The model was applied to engines of two UTEs in the city of Manaus, showing satisfactory results. The methodology proved robust when validated in two case studies: a set of ten thermal generating units and the IEEE 118-bus system.