Loss of product (cryogenic liquid) for filling of cars - tanks: production of liquid

Abstract

The paper analyzes the loss of cryogenic liquids (oxygen and nitrogen) during the filling of tank cars, a critical stage in the transportation of these gases. Losses occur due to heat exchanges causing vaporization, internal pressure increase in tanks, and inadequate pump handling. Using field questionnaires, operational data, and literature review, the study suggests improvements such as better thermal insulation and operator training, emphasizing the economic and environmental impacts of such waste.