Dissertação PPG.EGPSA
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://rigalileo.itegam.org.br/handle/123456789/3
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Item A gestão de resíduo no brasil e implicações das técnicas mais aplicadas no processo de gerenciamento(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2022-09-14) VIANA, Claudenilson dos Santos; SILVA, Edson Pablo da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7223548333736671One of the great contemporary challenges for modern societies is the high volumes of solid waste generation, a result of the high levels of population growth and economic development experienced by several countries in recent decades. In this context, this work aimed to investigate aspects of waste generation in Brazil and the main waste management techniques that are reported in the literature. The methodology used comprises a literature review, where recent works were used in order to expose the current scenario of the Brazilian context, as well as waste management techniques used more widely. Through the information collected, it was possible to notice that Brazil has a high generation of waste, with about 216 tons per day throughout the national territory. In Brazil, the most used form of management refers to the use of sanitary landfills, however, landfills require complex management, in addition to a grandiose strip of land. In this way, solutions such as incineration can contribute to waste management both in Brazil and in the world, since it considerably reduces the volume of waste. Other alternatives reported in this study include bioremediation, recycling and composting. It is also noteworthy that recycling, despite being a highly effective method, leads to severe contamination problems, which makes the plants need to have strict controls for cleaning and care, avoiding the contamination of employees. Finally, several measures can be adopted, but they must consider the context in which cities and the respective State are located, aiming to obtain lower costs and greater efficiency.Item Análise do gerenciamento de resíduos da construção civil na cidade de Manaus, sob a perspectiva da sustentabilidade(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2023-06-03) PINTO, Cynthia de Faria; SILVA, Simone da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260488247107062The generation of waste from the civil construction industry, a reflection of population growth, changes in habits and intense consumption, has been a matter of great concern for the world, since natural resources are finite and nature cannot absorb production. exorbitant amount of waste generated by society. In the city of Manaus, environmental problems, mainly those related to civil construction, are not different from the rest of Brazil. The rubber period at the end of the 19th century and the implementation of the Free Trade Zone in the 1960s were responsible for the growing mass population migration to the capital, thus boosting the growth of the Civil Construction Industry, as well as the generation of its waste. Therefore, the objective of this work is to demonstrate the current scenario of management of civil construction waste in the City of Manaus, from the perspective of sustainability, from data collected in the Secretariats and bodies of public administration, through bibliographies, as well as in the construction sites, verifying the current situation of the final destination of the (RCC), and what are the sustainability practices adopted, aiming at the elaboration of a booklet with the indication of the weaknesses found in the management of the RCC and suggestions of improvement actions, aiming at minimization of impacts on the environment, in order to support decision-making by the public administration and its managers regarding compliance with CONAMA Resolution No. 307 and Law 12,305/2010 (National Solid Waste PolicyPNRS).Item Educação Ambiental: os 3r’s (três erres) no primeiro Ano do Ensino Fundamental(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2022-06-03) SILVA, Mey Ling da; SILVA, Simone da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260488247107062We can observe that, at present, the social body suffers from the dilemma of the excess of the inadequate corollary creation of solid waste. This excessive amount of waste has been worrisome because, if not properly collected and disposed of, it causes serious consequences to health and the environment. Thus, the reluctance of the non-management of solid waste is numerous and includes environmental, economic, social, and health aspects. In this scenario, it is clear that waste cannot be completely eliminated; however, it is possible to decrease it by reducing the amount of waste and recycling as much as possible. It is true that the contemporary world is characterized by an almost constant state of crisis, however, to recycle or reuse has the sense to restrain what is used, to limit waste and residues, to protect the environment, to conserve and defend the ecosystem. For this, there is a need to moderate this expressed consumption, not only to use what is necessary, but also to reuse what is possible. The optics of the concept of the "3R's" reduce, reuse, and recycle aims to contain the ecosystemic shock with the applicability of the reduction and awareness about the amount of products that are consumed, thus minimizing the waste of materials and waste generation. In this reality, the reuse of products and objects avoids exacerbated consumption and the extraction of raw materials. The recycling of solid residues reuses these inputs and increases their useful life. In this sense, it is essential to emphasize education, as an agent of change, for the development of people into informed and active citizens. In view of the above, the objective of this work was to observe the perception of children in the first year of elementary school about the environment in order to raise awareness in a critical and reflective way about how we relate to each other and how we can improve our environment through the reduction and reuse of waste. The concept of the three Rs in this case study was used, therefore, to clarify and promote reflection about excessive shopping, the reuse of what would go to waste such as cans, cardboard, bottles among others, and finally, to offer the possibility of converting items no longer used into other creations. This study contributed to the awareness and preservation of the environment and its didactic-pedagogical sequence promoted progressions in the visuomotor, motor, motor, playful, affective, and critical-reflexive aspects to promote the acquisition and strengthening of skills and abilities.Item Educação e sustentabilidade: propor a inserção de práticas sustentáveis no PPC do curso técnico Integrado em edificações do Instituto Federal do Amazonas - IFAM no município de Manaus(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2023-06-20) SILVA, Elcilene Costa da; SILVA, Simone da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260488247107062Humanity is increasingly establishing a predatory relationship with nature due to the consumerist and capitalist model of production and, due to this lifestyle, humanity is rapidly approaching an environmental disaster scenario. Teaching and learning how to take care of the world, how to take care of the collective, how to reduce, recycle and reuse should be a topic worked on in schools in a relevant and effective way, raising awareness not only among students, but also among the teaching staff of educational institutions, professionals working in them, the community, society and the world. Only through education can we build behaviors and habits consistent with sustainability and only through curriculum restructuring, it can be worked on in an integrated way with knowledge and school experiences. Considering that the disciplines of the Pedagogical Project of the Course (PPC) of the Integrated Technical Course in Buildings do not include the theme of sustainability, this work aims to identify and propose the inclusion of the teaching of sustainability concepts and sustainable development in the syllabi of technical courses in the integrated mode in building construction from the Federal Institute of Amazonas - IFAM. In conclusion, it is understood that there is a shortage of disciplines focused on teaching sustainability, especially related to the triple sustainability of the environment, economy and social. Therefore, it is suggested to adopt disciplines that highlight the importance of the theme for future professionals.Item Implantação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental: estudo de caso, no laboratório de química orgânica do Instituto Federal de Ciências, Educação e Tecnologia do Amazonas – IFAM/ Campus Manaus Centro - CMC(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2023-12-18) SILVA, Waldomiro Santos; CAMPOS, Paola Souto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6414810834266975The continuous search for process improvements has led several enterprises, whether in the public or private sector, to insert methodologies linked to environmental management into their management procedures, especially those accredited by ISO 14001 (SGA). IFAM is a public institution made up of a set of 17 camps operating in the area of technical and technological education that needs to adopt a system or program along these lines. To achieve this, it is necessary to diagnose its aspects and impacts, especially those linked to laboratories intended for scientific practices and experiments, including the Organic Chemistry Laboratory (Campus - CMC), the object of this study. To obtain these surveys, we adopted four steps: 1. definition of the study location (Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Campus - CMC); 2. survey of aspects and impacts (interaction matrix method with a modified spreadsheet for this survey); 3. treatment and examination of the collected data; and 4. analysis of failures using the FMEA process method. Therefore, 10 significant impacts were detected after application, with importance ≥ 5. Of these, six were considered high, and four were moderate. Among the significant ones are the failures in the exhaust system that exhausts the suspended material (aerodispersoids) into an environment similar to that of the laboratory; however, the correct option would be for the upper part, with the help of chimneys. Therefore, this lateral environment is frequented daily by students, employees, and outsourced workers who transit or live in this location. It was also noted in the five activities analyzed that the lack of waste management arising from the main processes of this laboratory, for example, inadequate storage and incorrect disposal of this waste, often discarded directly into sinks, when applying the FMEA process method, and based on the spreadsheets (LAAIA), we noticed two important flaws, the first related to the installation of theexhaust system and the second to the absence of the Waste Management Plan or Program (PGR).Item Metodologia para avaliação dos riscos ambientais em processos de trabalho no Brasil(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2023-11-14) BRITO, Rute Franco Frazão; ALENCAR, David Barbosa de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4890967546423188The assessment of environmental risks in labor processes plays a crucial role in protecting workers and the environment in Brazil. In order to identify the risks associated with work activities and promote preventive measures, the methodology for assessing environmental risks in work processes becomes essential. The methodology for assessing environmental risks in labor processes in Brazil is based on a multidisciplinary approach that involves professionals from different areas, such as occupational safety engineering, occupational health, environment, and law. Initially, a detailed analysis of the processes and activities carried out in the work environment is carried out, identifying possible environmental risks present. From the application of the methodology, results are obtained that provide a comprehensive view of the environmental risks present in labor processes. The results include the identification and quantification of risks, the analysis of possible effects on workers' health and the environment, as well as the assessment of compliance with relevant regulatory standards. The methodology for assessing environmental risks in labor processes in Brazil plays a fundamental role in promoting occupational health and safety, as well as preserving the environment. Through the careful identification and analysis of risks, it is possible to implement appropriate prevention and control measures, aiming to protect workers and minimize negative environmental impacts.Item Os impactos econômicos e sociais da repavimentação da br 319 e os seus respectivos desdobramentos ambientais(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2022-12-16) SOUZA, Luiz Henrique Castelo de; SILVA, Simone da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260488247107062BR 319 is a highway of great importance for the state of Amazonas and for other states in the northern region, since the existence of this road directly influences social, economic and environmental aspects of the region. It is noteworthy that many people depend on this highway to move between Manaus and Porto Velho and, consequently, to connect to the rest of the country. This study presents an analysis of the economic and social benefits of the repaving of BR 319 and its respective environmental consequences. On a preliminary basis, it can be said that the reconstruction of the road will contribute to the increase in the generation of jobs and will facilitate the flow of production, favoring regional development. This study also suggests that the reconstruction of the road will result in a reduction in the cost per kilometer traveled, resulting in a decrease in road freight and a reduction in the value of bus tickets between Manaus and Porto Velho. The loss, degradation of natural habitats, fauna trampling, chemical pollution, anthropic invasion and the increase in violence were some of the negative impacts raised in this work.Item Perspectiva da educação ambiental no ensino fundamental: um estudo de caso(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2022-06-27) JANUÁRIO, Caroline Araújo da Costa; LIMA, Alexandra Amaro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6915958689972413Although it is a topic considered relevant, the environment is still treated in an insufficient and ineffective manner at school. Environmental legislation is a powerful ally in the care and preservation of the environment, in addition to providing the necessary information on the duties and rights of individuals regarding this very important topic, however, few people have access to this type of information, which makes it more difficult to educate citizens with environmental awareness and responsibility. Therefore, after some meetings with educators and students, a didactic and functional booklet will be developed, with easy-to-understand language, with the aim of introducing environmental legislation and its main aspects in elementary education, in an attempt to train knowledgeable citizens of their duties and rights to the environment, in addition to favoring the dialogue at home, with parents, permeate issues such as environmental legislation, and sanctions in case of noncompliance, thus disseminating the knowledge acquired. For the creation of the booklet to be possible, some visits will be made for dialogue and lecture with educators and a meeting with students to carry out the study of Environmental Law, with the help of the material that will be manufactured. The level of satisfaction and effectiveness with the executed project will be evaluated after a debate with the students, who will be much more aware and concerned with the legislation that protects the environment.Item Relação entre meio ambiente e as pandemias(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2022-04-19) SILVA, Maria Eurilene da; SILVA, Simone da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260488247107062In late 2019, one of the biggest pandemics of our time, with the power to completely shut down cities, was revealed. This is Sars-cov-2, which spreads very quickly and is transmitted through the air. The Coronavirus is nothing new to the world and warnings about the risk of pandemics have existed for many years, such as that of the 2013 epidemic, made by the WHO (World Health Organization) at a time when there was already alarm about the potential of this virus to cause outbreaks. Pandemics are nothing new to humanity. They were present at different times in history, and this paper aims to present the link between pandemics and disturbances of the natural environment, with emphasis on zoonoses. Some pandemics and their consequences will be briefly exposed, pointing out parallels between them. The study was carried out through the analysis of scientific articles within the specified topic in journals with a high level of reliability, seeking to understand this phenomenon and how to face them. This paper was written while the world was going through the Sars-cov-19 pandemic and was evolving together with the discoveries made day by day by the scientific world. Goals were defined for this paper, such as studying zoonoses and their forms of transmission, analyzing the human factor and how it impacts the environment, and pointing out solutions to solve these problems. This literature review concludes that when humans invade the natural environment and destroy existing relationships in this place, diseases transmitted from animals or from the environment itself can arise, which may or may not cause new pandemics through zoonoses.Item Uma visão abrangente nos parques e praças urbanas, suas relações com a qualidade de vida e o meio ambiente em Niterói/RJ(Instituto de Tecnologia e Educação Galileo da Amazônia, 2024-07-24) SANTOS, Wagner Wander Cardoso dos; CAMPOS, Paola Souto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6414810834266975The theme of green areas, parks, squares, and public spaces as components of urban design is a way of expressing culture and customs. This study aims to emphasize and reflect on the environmental benefits provided by urban green areas and their contributions to the population's quality of life through a perceptual analysis. These areas, considered open spaces with predominant tree vegetation, perform different functions in urban space, providing numerous benefits for the environment, health, and well-being of the population. The study also discusses the importance of municipal planning and public policies in building environmentally healthy and sustainable cities.